This lecture dealt with semantics. First, the main types of definition (e.g. syntagmatical and paradigmatical definitions) and microstructure were revised again, then we went on to standard dictionary definitions and semantic relations.

Homework

Discuss the following using the "Ginger Beer" text giving examples:

• semantic components
• semantic relations
• semantic fields
• definitions

Ginger Beer

Fermentation has been used by mankind for thousands of years for raising bread, fermenting wine and brewing beer.
The products of the fermentation of sugar by baker's yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (a fungus) are ethyl alcohol and
carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide causes bread to rise and gives effervescent
drinks their bubbles.
This action of yeast on sugar is used to 'carbonate'
beverages, as in the addition of bubbles to champagne.

examples for semantic components:

• Saccharomyces cerevisiae (a fungus)

examples for semantic relations:

• "champagne", "wine" and "beer" are co-hyponyms of the hyperonym "beverage"
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a synonym to "fungus"

examples for semantic fields:

• "fermentation", "fermentation of sugar", "fermenting""products of fermentation", "beer", "wine", "champagne", "beverage", "brewing", "ethyl alcohol"
• "carbon dioxide", "to carbonate"
• "effervescent", "bubbles"

examples of definitions:

• "Fermentation has been used (...) for raising bread, fermenting wine,and brewing beer"
• "Carbon dioxide causes bread to rise and gives effervescent drinks their bubbles"