A
Applied Text Linguistics (2006/10/17)
Practical use of Text Linguistics, e.g.
- using the knowledge about text structure, appearance etc. in writing own texts
- XML (=Extensible Markup Language) technologies (defining rules for structuring documents, tools for creating, checking and presenting documents, classifying, archiving and searching documents systematically)
B
C
D
Dictionary (2006/10/17)
A text document containing a list of words either with their definition or with their translation into a different language. Many dictionaries also often give information about the correct pronunciation, examples of the use of a particular word, word history, etc. There are many kinds of dictionaries, like
--> encyclopedias, --> onomasiological/semasiological dict.,.. A dictionary is also a
--> hypertext, because many entries interact with each other and refer to other entries.
E
Encyclopedia (2006/10/22)
Offers information on different subjects considering all branches of knowledge; not only about words
Example: "Brockhaus", "Encyclopaedia Britannica"
F
G
H
Hypertext (2006/10/17)
A text which consists of conventional hierarchical parts (like title - paragraph - object) or is a complex network of parts. A hypertext interacts with other (text)documents by being linked with them.
<Example:
any www-site
Hyponym (2006/10/24)
Hyponyms are related words which are instances of a more general word, e.g.
cat, dog, horse,... would be hyponyms of
animal
I
Inflection (2006/11/23)
With inflections a word is related to its syntactic context (e.g. subject-verb agreement in case, person, number) and to the semantic context (e.g. tense/time)
J
K
L
Lexicon (2006/10/22)
A dictionary containing an alphabetical list of the words in a language + definition.
In Linguistics "lexicon" means the mental vocabulary in a speaker's mind, which includes the organisation of vocabulary + the production of new words according to certain rules.
M
Macrostructure
Structure of a dictionary's entries into
Megastructure (2006/10/31)
Organization of an entire dictionary incl. front- and back matter, metadata, text body,...
Mesostructure (2006/10/31)
Relations between dictionary's entries, entries and other entities of a dictionary, dictionary and other texts
Microstructure (2006/10/31)
Organization of a single entry in a dictionary incl.
- spelling
- pronunciation
- definition
- example
etc.
Morpheme (2006/11/16)
A morpheme is the smallest part of the word that carries meaning. A morpheme can be a
free morpheme, that means it can also occur as a simple word (e.g.
boy, ,...). It also can be a
bound morpheme, meaning that it only occurs together with other morphemes (e.g.
-s,
-ize,...).
Morphemes are divided into two classes, namely
lexical and
grammatical morphemes.
lexical morphemes
- have consistent meaning
- content morpheme, root
- open class
grammatical morphemes
- prepositions, aux. verbs, affixes
- closed set
N
O
Onomasiological dictionary("writer's dictionary"/"encoding dictionary") (2006/10/17)
A dictionary which gives synonyms of a word, shows the word field.
Example: thesaurus
P
Q
R
S
Semasiological dictionary ("reader's dictionary"/"decoding dictionary") (2006/10/17)
Explains the meaning of words and how to use them.
Example: mono-/bilingual dictionaries
Stem (2006/11/30)
A stem is a root
or a derived stem (=stem + affix)
or a compound stem (=stem+stem)
T
Text (2006/10/17)
A document object consisting of 3 main properties:
- text structure
- semantics, pragmatics (meaning)
- media (appearance)
Text Linguistics (2006/10/17)
A branch of linguistics that deals with texts as communication systems. The previous aim -namely to describe the "text grammar"- has evolved into a much more detailed analysis of text considering its setting, author, addressees, etc.
Text Theory (2006/10/17)
Construction of text
U
V
W
Website (2006/10/17)
An online
-->hypertext document containing embedded or linked objects
X
Y
Z
