A

Applied Text Linguistics (2006/10/17)

Practical use of Text Linguistics, e.g.

• using the knowledge about text structure, appearance etc. in writing own texts
• XML (=Extensible Markup Language) technologies (defining rules for structuring documents, tools for creating, checking and presenting documents, classifying, archiving and searching documents systematically)

B

C

D

Dictionary (2006/10/17)

A text document containing a list of words either with their definition or with their translation into a different language. Many dictionaries also often give information about the correct pronunciation, examples of the use of a particular word, word history, etc. There are many kinds of dictionaries, like --> encyclopedias, --> onomasiological/semasiological dict.,.. A dictionary is also a --> hypertext, because many entries interact with each other and refer to other entries.

E

Encyclopedia (2006/10/22)

Offers information on different subjects considering all branches of knowledge; not only about words
Example: "Brockhaus", "Encyclopaedia Britannica"

F

G

H

Hypertext (2006/10/17)

A text which consists of conventional hierarchical parts (like title - paragraph - object) or is a complex network of parts. A hypertext interacts with other (text)documents by being linked with them.
<Example: any www-site

Hyponym (2006/10/24)

Hyponyms are related words which are instances of a more general word, e.g. cat, dog, horse,... would be hyponyms of animal

I

Inflection (2006/11/23)

With inflections a word is related to its syntactic context (e.g. subject-verb agreement in case, person, number) and to the semantic context (e.g. tense/time)

J

K

L

Lexicon (2006/10/22)

A dictionary containing an alphabetical list of the words in a language + definition.
In Linguistics "lexicon" means the mental vocabulary in a speaker's mind, which includes the organisation of vocabulary + the production of new words according to certain rules.

M

Macrostructure

Structure of a dictionary's entries into

• lists
• networks
• trees

Megastructure (2006/10/31)

Organization of an entire dictionary incl. front- and back matter, metadata, text body,...

Mesostructure (2006/10/31)

Relations between dictionary's entries, entries and other entities of a dictionary, dictionary and other texts

Microstructure (2006/10/31)

Organization of a single entry in a dictionary incl.

• spelling
• pronunciation
• definition
• example
etc.

Morpheme (2006/11/16)

A morpheme is the smallest part of the word that carries meaning. A morpheme can be a free morpheme, that means it can also occur as a simple word (e.g. boy, ,...). It also can be a bound morpheme, meaning that it only occurs together with other morphemes (e.g. -s, -ize,...).
Morphemes are divided into two classes, namely lexical and grammatical morphemes.

lexical morphemes
• have consistent meaning
• content morpheme, root
• open class

grammatical morphemes
• prepositions, aux. verbs, affixes
• closed set

N

O

Onomasiological dictionary("writer's dictionary"/"encoding dictionary") (2006/10/17)

A dictionary which gives synonyms of a word, shows the word field.

Example: thesaurus

P

Q

R

S

Semasiological dictionary ("reader's dictionary"/"decoding dictionary") (2006/10/17)

Explains the meaning of words and how to use them.

Example: mono-/bilingual dictionaries

Stem (2006/11/30)

A stem is a root or a derived stem (=stem + affix) or a compound stem (=stem+stem)

T

Text (2006/10/17)

A document object consisting of 3 main properties:

• text structure
• semantics, pragmatics (meaning)
• media (appearance)

Text Linguistics (2006/10/17)

A branch of linguistics that deals with texts as communication systems. The previous aim -namely to describe the "text grammar"- has evolved into a much more detailed analysis of text considering its setting, author, addressees, etc.

Text Theory (2006/10/17)

Construction of text

U

V

W

Website (2006/10/17)

An online -->hypertext document containing embedded or linked objects

X

Y

Z